Mus musculus (UM-HET3, genetically heterogeneous) — Multi-site NIA ITP dose-response cohort (same program as the 2009 14 ppm cohort)   Tier 5 · Replicated animal lifespan verification: verified
1. Species / populationGenetically heterogeneous UM-HET3 mice, NIA ITP dose-response arm
2. Exposure, route, schedule42 ppm in chow, late-life initiation (NIA ITP protocol)
3. Comparator & durationControl chow, same-age cohort; followed to natural death
4. Endpoint & numeric resultMedian lifespan +26% (female) / +23% (male) at 42 ppm in chow; maximal lifespan also increased in both sexes
5. What this study did NOT establishNo human lifespan data; no dose-equivalence or safety data beyond this tested dietary concentration
Intervention(s)Rapamycin
SpeciesMus musculus (UM-HET3, genetically heterogeneous)
PopulationMulti-site NIA ITP dose-response cohort (same program as the 2009 14 ppm cohort)
Sample sizenot specified in source animals verification: verified_2026-07-11
Exposure42 ppm in chow — Late-life initiation, NIA ITP protocol (same initiation-age design as the 14 ppm cohort) verification: verified_2026-07-11
ComparatorControl chow, same-age cohort
DurationFollowed to natural death (lifespan study)
EndpointMedian lifespan, dose-response arm
Evidence tierTier 5 · Replicated animal lifespan
What was NOT establishedDid not test human lifespan or human dose equivalence. Does not establish that higher doses continue to produce larger effects beyond 42 ppm (no higher-dose arm is reported in the sourcing brief), and does not establish safety of this dose in humans.
metricmedian lifespan
female median lifespan change+26%
male median lifespan change+23%
dose42 ppm in chow (threefold the ~14 ppm used in the 2009 report)
maximal lifespanAlso increased in both sexes
sex difference noteRapamycin increased lifespan more in females than in males at every dose tested, possibly reflecting sexual dimorphism in blood drug levels.
separation noteSeparate study from Harrison 2009 (itp-2009-rapamycin). These are median-lifespan figures; the 2009 report's +14%/+9% are age at 90% mortality.
verificationverification: verified_2026-07-11
Verification status: verified This record was checked against its primary publication on 2026-07-11. PubMed/PMC/Lancet lookup; numbers cross-checked against abstract.Identifiers: PMID verified; DOI verified; PMC verified; trial registry ID not applicable. Record-level verification and identifier-level status are separate: a record can be fully verified against its primary publication while an identifier that does not apply to the study type — a trial registry ID for an animal study, for instance — is marked not applicable. No identifier is fabricated, and none is left in a “pending” state.
programNIA Interventions Testing Program (ITP)
reported year2014
pmid24341993 verified
doi10.1111/acel.12194 verified
journalAging Cell
pmcPMC4032600 verified
authorsMiller RA, Harrison DE, Astle CM, et al. (NIA ITP)
year2014
verified date2026-07-11
verified methodPubMed/PMC/Lancet lookup; numbers cross-checked against abstract
verified noteFemale median +16/+21/+26% at 4.7/14/42 ppm; at 42 ppm males +23% / females +26%; maximal lifespan up in both sexes — MATCHES abstract.
verification statusverified
reverified 20260808PMID re-confirmed against Europe PMC 2026-08-08; abstract states median lifespan +23% (male) to +26% (female) at threefold the 2009 dose.

Funding / conflict of interest

not compiled in this proof-of-concept verification: verified_2026-07-11

Version 0.2.0-mvp · literature search date 2026-07-11 · editorial owner Nabus Research